Study on Satellite-to-ground Laser Communications with Existence of Atmosphere

The laser beam used to establish a communication channel between satellite and ground segments has a small divergence angle and a tiny spot on the Earth’s surface, which may lead to the fail of the system. So it’s important to study the deflection of laser beam by the Earth’s atmosphere and find a way to calibrate this error. Both theoretical analysis and real data processing method are used to obtain the mathematical model for divergence angle of laser communication beam and its correction function. Then the model has been applied to the data, which was used to describe the atmosphere state by traditional ground segments to obtain the critical elevation angle. According to the results of calculation, our conclusion will be that the correction should be done when the critical elevation happens.      

A comprehensive survey on the methods of angle of attack measurement and estimation in UAVs

Angle of Attack (AOA) is a crucial parameter which directly affects the aerodynamic forces of an aircraft. The measurement of AOA is required to ensure a safe flight within its designed flight envelop. This paper intends to summarise a comprehensive survey on the measurement techniques and estimation methods for AOA, specifically in Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) applications. In the case of UAVs, weight constraint plays a major role as far as sensor suites are concerned. This results in selecting a suitable estimation method to extract AOA using the available data from the autopilot. The most feasible and widely employed AOA measurement technique is by using the Multi-Hole Probes (MHPs). The MHP measures the AOA regarding the pressure variations between the ports. Due to the importance of MHP in AOA measurement, the calibration methods for the MHP are also included in this paper. This paper discusses the AOA measurement using virtual AOA sensors, their importance and the operation.     

复杂动态环境下无人飞行器动态避障近似最优轨迹规划

针对复杂动态环境下无人飞行器的动态障碍规避问题，基于合理假设建立了无人飞行器和动态障碍的运动学模型，并综合考虑无人飞行器飞行过程中的终端约束、控制输入约束、安全避障约束等，以能量最少为性能指标构建动态避障问题数学描述。之后，针对终端约束和控制输入约束，依据优化模型预测静态规划算法(OMPSP)生成初始轨迹；针对动态避障问题的不等式约束，引入松弛变量并结合滑模变结构控制方法设计松弛变量动力学，实现对一个、多个或同时多个动态障碍的安全规避；最后，依据有限时间微分动态规划(RHDDP)算法进行轨迹优化，获得满足上述各种约束并能规避动态障碍的近似最优轨迹。     

Influence of thickness and initial groove angle in M–K model on limit strain of 7B04 by considering through-thickness stress

Marciniack–Kuczinski (M–K) model is widely used to predict material’s forming limit curve (FLC). The prediction of FLC traditionally neglected through-thickness normal stress. However, it cannot be neglected in some forming processes. Much work has been done to study the effect of through-thickness normal stress on FLC with constant through-thickness normal stress or constant ratio of through-thickness normal stress and maximum principal stress. In addition, based on Nakazima test process, the ratio of through-thickness normal stress and maximum principal stress has been derived, which was a function of instantaneous thickness and loading path. Here, initial groove angle in M–K model was not considered. In this paper, uniaxial tension tests and Nakazima tests were performed on 7B04 aluminum alloy. Based on Hill 48 yield criterion and M–K model, the prediction model of FLC was established. The increase of thickness can enhance FLC. Meanwhile, it is necessary to consider through-thickness normal stress and initial groove angle in prediction model. On the left side of FLC, the effect of initial groove angle on FLC is weakened by increasing sheet thickness. On the right side of FLC, the effect of initial groove angle on FLC is strengthened by increasing sheet thickness. On the right side of FLC, the relation between limit strain points with different thicknesses is linear under one certain loading path. Thickness has decisive effect on through-thickness normal stress level and the changing trendy of through-thickness normal stress during calculation is different under different stress condition.     

Orbit-attitude-vibration coupled dynamics of tethered solar power satellite

A new orbit-attitude-vibration coupled dynamic model of the tethered solar power satellite (Tethered SPS) is established based on absolute nodal coordinate formulation. The Hamilton’s equation of the system is derived by introducing generalized momentum through Legendre transformation. The correctness of the proposed model is verified by an example. The dynamic characteristics of the Tethered SPS are studied using the symplectic Runge-Kutta method. Simulation results show that the orbital radius and the total energy of the system are well preserved. The attitude of the system is unstable when the mass of the bus system is small. However, the attitude stability is dependent on some other parameters of the system, which requires further studies. It is also found that the average tether force/deformation can be roughly estimated by simplifying the solar panel as a particle. The proposed model can be used to study the orbit-attitude-vibration coupled dynamics and control problems.     

星载激光通信终端在轨机动对温度影响

对激光通信终端在轨瞬态温度变化开展了仿真，以期研究在轨机动的影响、热分析和热试验时机动模式的简化模拟。通过合理地分析与简化，建立终端的轨道热分析模型，准确模拟在轨机动，根据典型机动模式、外热流和涂层退化等因素设计了计算工况，得出了终端在轨运行过程中的温度场随时间和姿态变化规律。结果表明：不同机动模式下的温度变化存在差异，最大可达23.0℃，采用固定姿态或一维转动的简化热分析或热试验不能准确模拟实际飞行温度，甚至不能部分替代二维转动热分析或热试验；光学天线和反射镜的温度控制是制约终端工作的瓶颈，为终端设计合适的避光机动策略，可大幅度提高温度稳定度和均匀度。研究结果可以为光机电设备在轨机动策略的设计和改进提供参考。     

先进战斗机过失速机动大气数据融合估计方法

可控的过失速机动是先进战斗机超机动性能的重要标志，飞机飞行包线的扩大已超出传统的大气数据系统测量范围，可靠的迎角、侧滑角、总压、静压等飞行大气数据是制约先进战斗机过失速机动中飞行控制的关键因素。以中国推力矢量验证机为对象，基于过失速机动飞行试验的数据，开展大气参数估计与验证研究。结合过失速机动的时间与空间特性，研究了基于风速、地速、空速矢量和惯性姿态、导航参数的大气参数融合计算方法；针对过失速大迎角状态下飞机周围气流非定常、模型非线性导致的融合大气参数误差的复杂特性，进一步构建深度神经网络，对机动状态融合迎角、侧滑角的强非线性误差进行拟合。仿真和飞行试验表明：该方法可在大迎角飞行状态下实现主要大气参数的融合估计，过失速机动过程中融合迎角误差优于2.3°，融合得到的大气参数可为过失速大迎角机动飞行控制提供可靠的大气参数状态反馈。     

叶片式预旋喷嘴出口流场实验研究

叶片式预旋喷嘴具有尺寸小,落后角大的特点。为了详细研究小尺寸预旋喷嘴的预旋性能,采用五孔探针对叶片式预旋喷嘴的出口流场进行了实验研究。测量了Ma=0.2,0.3时喷嘴出口的压力分布、速度分布和出口气流角度分布,实验获得了喷嘴的落后角和预旋效率,并进行了与实验工况相同的数值计算。通过实验获得的总压云图以及速度云图,可以发现叶片式预旋喷嘴的端壁二次流损失、尾迹损失严重,有明显的边界层分离现象。Ma=0.2时,喷嘴Re数为5.76×104,落后角2.84°,实验测得的预旋效率为0.73;Ma=0.3时,喷嘴Re数为1.06×105,预旋效率提高至0.77。实验模型端壁的影响使预旋效率实验结果偏低6.5%左右。数值结果与实验测得各参数符合较好:数值结果与测得的喷嘴出口截面平均总压、静压偏差在1%以内;出气速度、周向速度以及出气角度与实验结果偏差在4%以内。数值计算表明,叶片式预旋喷嘴的预旋效率基本不受压比影响,随Re数增大先增大后基本不变,最后基本稳定在0.85。     

某机载探测系统自主回收技术的实现

针对某机载探测系统探头回收自动化程度低的问题，提出了在无需操作员干预情况下实现探头自主回收的技术方法。采用了先进的控制算法，将缆位角与探头、缆长进行结合并引入了绞车控制系统，使绞车对探头的回收速度及缆长可进行实时调整，并给出了3种不同缆位角摆动条件下缆长与探头回收速度的控制曲线关系。研发了自主回收装置，设计了能够实现自主回收功能的探头回收机构。实验验证表明：在无需人为干预的条件下，在缆位控制系统及自主回收机构的配合下，系统实现了对探头快速、安全的回收。     

一种基于虚拟页地址映射的NAND Flash管理算法

本文提出了一种基于虚拟页地址映射的NAND Flash管理算法.该算法通过定义坏块表、对应表等结构，以及设计的坏块替换策略和虚拟页地址到实际物理页地址的转换算法，实现上层软件采用虚拟地址对NAND Flash的无坏块连续页地址访问.该算法是一种高效的地址映射算法，能高效地对数据进行索引，占用SRAM空间较少，使系统达到高性能，并使得闪存使用的更加稳定持久.